Mix the dough ingredients in a stand mixer with the dough hook attachment until incorporated, about 1 minute. Continue kneading on low speed until a soft, smooth dough forms, about 5 minutes.
Transfer the dough to a lightly floured surface and knead by hand for 1-2 minutes until the dough ball is smooth. Place in a greased bowl, turn once to coat, cover, and let rise for 30 minutes.
Preheat your oven to 450°F and line two baking sheets with parchment paper.
Form the dough into a 12-inch log and cut into 12 equal pieces (about 66 grams each if using a scale). Let the pieces rest for 5-10 minutes.
Prepare the baking soda bath by combining hot water and baking soda in a shallow dish, stirring until dissolved.
Roll each piece of dough into a thin 20-inch rope. Form the pretzel shape by holding both ends, twisting them around each other, then pressing the ends against the outer circle.
Dip each formed pretzel in the water bath for 15-20 seconds, place on the prepared baking sheet, and sprinkle with coarse salt. Let rest for 10 minutes.
Bake for 10 minutes, switching and rotating the baking sheets halfway through.
While hot, brush the pretzels with melted butter. Serve warm for the best taste and texture.
Notes
Dough Consistency: The pretzel dough should be slightly tacky but not sticky. If it's too sticky, add a little more flour, one tablespoon at a time.
Rolling Technique: When shaping your pretzel dough, use an unfloured surface. The slight grip helps you roll the dough into long, even ropes.
Rest Period: If the dough springs back when rolling, let it rest another 5 minutes to relax the gluten.
Bath Temperature: The water for the baking soda bath should be very hot to dissolve the baking soda completely.
Even Sizing: For consistent baking, try to make all your homemade pretzels roughly the same size.